See bok in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Literature",
"orig": "enm:Literature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Geordie",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "buik"
},
{
"lang": "Geordie",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "beuk"
},
{
"lang": "Geordie",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "byuk"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "book"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "buik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "beuk"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "buke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "beuck"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "buke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:bōc<id:book>",
"id": "book"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bōc"
},
"expansion": "Old English bōc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōks",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bōc, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bokes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "boc",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "book",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "booke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "buk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "buke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bok",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bokes"
},
"expansion": "bok (plural bokes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bochous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bocstaff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "landbok"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 12 12 4 11 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
23
]
],
"english": "And I took the document from the angel's hand and consumed it; it seemed sweet like honey in my mouth, but when I'd eaten it, my stomach felt bitter.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 10:10, folio 120, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "⁊ I took þe book of þe aũgels hond ⁊ deuourıde ıt .· ⁊ ıt was ĩ my mouþ as ſwete as hony / ⁊ whãne I hadde deuorıde ıt .· my wombe was bıttır […]",
"translation": "And I took the document from the angel's hand and consumed it; it seemed sweet like honey in my mouth, but when I'd eaten it, my stomach felt bitter.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages"
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-VKNWudEc",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 12 12 4 11 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:",
"A notebook; a document kept empty for spontaneous use."
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-1buISdOD",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
],
[
"empty",
"empty"
],
[
"spontaneous",
"spontaneous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 12 12 4 11 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:",
"A legal or governmental record or register."
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-qsBWJC8J",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"governmental",
"governmental"
],
[
"record",
"record"
],
[
"register",
"register"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 12 12 4 11 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 31 16 16 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Accounting",
"orig": "enm:Accounting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 6 15 19 19 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Books",
"orig": "enm:Books",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:",
"An account book or ledger; a financial record."
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-5064K-t0",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"account book",
"account book"
],
[
"ledger",
"ledger"
],
[
"financial",
"financial"
],
[
"record",
"record"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 8 6 15 19 19 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Books",
"orig": "enm:Books",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"english": "This book is called the \"Ormulum\" since Orm made it. It's made out of a quadriga; out of the four Gospels […]",
"ref": "c. 1180, Orͬm, “[Preface]”, in Orͬmulum (Bodleian MS. Junius 1), Bourne Abbey, Lincolnshire, folio 9, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "Þiſſ boc ıſſ nẽ̃nedd. orͬmulũ⹎ forͬþı ꝥ orͬm ıtt ƿrohhte⹎ ⁊ ıtt ıſſ ƿrohͪt off quaþþrıꟑan. off ꟑoddſpellbokeſſ foƿƿre.",
"translation": "This book is called the \"Ormulum\" since Orm made it. It's made out of a quadriga; out of the four Gospels […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work"
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-cFb8PEGY",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 12 12 4 11 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 6 15 19 19 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Books",
"orig": "enm:Books",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work:",
"A volume or fascicle of a larger work."
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-SMgZJoTV",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"volume",
"volume"
],
[
"fascicle",
"fascicle"
],
[
"larger",
"larger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 8 6 15 19 19 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Books",
"orig": "enm:Books",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 12 13 13 28 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 20 5 5 63 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
80,
84
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
82,
93
]
],
"english": "I comprehended the power that Peter had to maintain: / to lock and unlock, as the [Good] Book says […]",
"ref": "c. 1378-9, [William Langland], “[Prologue]”, in [Piers Plowman, A Treatise on Sin] (W, B-text), London, published c. 1400, →OCLC, folio 2, verso; republished as Thorlac Turville-Petre, Hoyt N. Duggan, editors, Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17 (The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive; 2), SEENET, 2014, →ISBN:",
"text": "I ꝑrceyued of þe power. þat Peter hadde to kepe / To bynden and vnbynden. as þe book telleþ",
"translation": "I comprehended the power that Peter had to maintain: / to lock and unlock, as the [Good] Book says […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work:",
"A particular book (especially the Bible)"
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-c6HqseZc",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"Bible",
"Bible#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 12 12 4 11 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge, ethics or a source of them."
],
"id": "en-bok-enm-noun-U2hci74R",
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"ethic",
"ethic"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Knowledge, ethics or a source of them."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/boːk/"
}
],
"word": "bok"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂g-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Accounting",
"enm:Books",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Law",
"enm:Literature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Geordie",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "buik"
},
{
"lang": "Geordie",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "beuk"
},
{
"lang": "Geordie",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "byuk"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "book"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "buik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "beuk"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "buke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "beuck"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "buke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:bōc<id:book>",
"id": "book"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bōc"
},
"expansion": "Old English bōc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōks",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bōc, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bokes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "boc",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "book",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "booke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "buk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "buke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bok",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bokes"
},
"expansion": "bok (plural bokes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bochous"
},
{
"word": "bocstaff"
},
{
"word": "landbok"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
23
]
],
"english": "And I took the document from the angel's hand and consumed it; it seemed sweet like honey in my mouth, but when I'd eaten it, my stomach felt bitter.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 10:10, folio 120, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "⁊ I took þe book of þe aũgels hond ⁊ deuourıde ıt .· ⁊ ıt was ĩ my mouþ as ſwete as hony / ⁊ whãne I hadde deuorıde ıt .· my wombe was bıttır […]",
"translation": "And I took the document from the angel's hand and consumed it; it seemed sweet like honey in my mouth, but when I'd eaten it, my stomach felt bitter.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages"
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:",
"A notebook; a document kept empty for spontaneous use."
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
],
[
"empty",
"empty"
],
[
"spontaneous",
"spontaneous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:",
"A legal or governmental record or register."
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"governmental",
"governmental"
],
[
"record",
"record"
],
[
"register",
"register"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:",
"An account book or ledger; a financial record."
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"extensive",
"extensive"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"account book",
"account book"
],
[
"ledger",
"ledger"
],
[
"financial",
"financial"
],
[
"record",
"record"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"english": "This book is called the \"Ormulum\" since Orm made it. It's made out of a quadriga; out of the four Gospels […]",
"ref": "c. 1180, Orͬm, “[Preface]”, in Orͬmulum (Bodleian MS. Junius 1), Bourne Abbey, Lincolnshire, folio 9, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "Þiſſ boc ıſſ nẽ̃nedd. orͬmulũ⹎ forͬþı ꝥ orͬm ıtt ƿrohhte⹎ ⁊ ıtt ıſſ ƿrohͪt off quaþþrıꟑan. off ꟑoddſpellbokeſſ foƿƿre.",
"translation": "This book is called the \"Ormulum\" since Orm made it. It's made out of a quadriga; out of the four Gospels […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work"
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work:",
"A volume or fascicle of a larger work."
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"volume",
"volume"
],
[
"fascicle",
"fascicle"
],
[
"larger",
"larger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
80,
84
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
82,
93
]
],
"english": "I comprehended the power that Peter had to maintain: / to lock and unlock, as the [Good] Book says […]",
"ref": "c. 1378-9, [William Langland], “[Prologue]”, in [Piers Plowman, A Treatise on Sin] (W, B-text), London, published c. 1400, →OCLC, folio 2, verso; republished as Thorlac Turville-Petre, Hoyt N. Duggan, editors, Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17 (The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive; 2), SEENET, 2014, →ISBN:",
"text": "I ꝑrceyued of þe power. þat Peter hadde to kepe / To bynden and vnbynden. as þe book telleþ",
"translation": "I comprehended the power that Peter had to maintain: / to lock and unlock, as the [Good] Book says […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A book; an extended written work:",
"A particular book (especially the Bible)"
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"Bible",
"Bible#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Knowledge, ethics or a source of them."
],
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"ethic",
"ethic"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Knowledge, ethics or a source of them."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/boːk/"
}
],
"word": "bok"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bok meaning in Middle English (7.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A document, especially if exte'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"bok"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bok",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A book; an extended written wo'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"bok"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bok",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.